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Often exorcisms and purgations were performed with much noise as if to scare away the evil spirits. Rituals included purgation, purification, exorcisms, extinguishing and rekindling fires, masked processions (masks representing the dead), and other similar activities. Today most countries around the world have adopted this calendaring system.įrom primitive man to today, New Year's Day has been recognized as a day in which rites were done to abolished the past so there could be a rejuvenation for the new year. The Gregorian calendar was adopted by Catholic countries immediately while the reformists, suspect of any papal policy, only adapted it after some time. Pope Gregory XIII instituted additional calendar reforms bringing us the calendaring system of the day. Up unto 1582, Christian Europe celebrated New Years Day on March 25 to herald new birth and a new season. Janus was always depicted with two faces: One looking back to the old year (past) and one looking ahead to the new year (future).ĭuring the Middle Ages, the Church remained opposed to celebrating New Years. Fittingly, January was named after the Roman god, Janus (God of all beginnings and gate keeper of heaven and earth). It was Julius Caesar who changed the Roman New Year's Day to January 1 in 46 BC. Romans also celebrated New Year's during March. At the end of the holiday, the king returned in a grand procession, dressed in fine robes During the festival, the king was stripped of his clothes and sent away so everyone could do what they wanted for a few days. It was first observed 4000 years ago in ancient Babylon, coinciding with the spring equinox (late March) and planting new crops. New Year's is one of the oldest celebrated holidays.
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Lesson 15 New Year's Day - History, Traditions, and Customs Lesson 15: New Year's Day - History, Traditions, and Customs (Study English Today)